Discussing Topical Acne Treatments

Acne is an extremely common skin condition that occurs when the patient’s hair follicles are clogged with sebum (oil) and dead skin cells. Depending on its severity, acne can cause mild to severe scarring and patient discomfort. They may present as whiteheads, blackheads, papules which are small red bumps, pimples which are papules with pus, nodules or cystic lesions. These lesions typically appear on the face, forehead, chest, and shoulders. Women can often have persistent acne for several years due to hormonal changes and may appear more frequently during their menstrual period.

There are several acne medications that are both over the counter and prescription. The majority of treatments work to reduce sebum production and treat the bacterial infection. Topical prescription medications are common for dermatologists to prescribe prior to starting oral medications. Common topical prescription medications include:

• Topical retinoids are commonly in the form of creams, gels or lotions. Examples include tretinoin, adapalene and tazarotene.

• Antibiotics work to kill the excess skin bacteria and reduce inflammation. Examples include benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, and erythromycin.

• Azelaic acid and salicylic acid are naturally occuring acids produced that have antibacterial properties.

• Dapsone is a gel that is used for inflammatory acne.

It is important to follow up with your dermatologist or primary care physician before starting a new medication!

References

Acne - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic. (2022, October 8). https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acne/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20368048